The Parisian club has now won the season-opening trophy on fourteen separate times.
The Parisian giants needed a dramatic equaliser followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to get past Marseille in the Gulf and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup victory.
The Champions League holders seemed to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the match featuring the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup winners after the French winger opened the scoring early on.
However, Marseille struck two times late to seize a surprise advantage. Initially, Mason Greenwood converted from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking twist of fortune, the Portuguese striker snatched a vital leveler in the final moments to force the match into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the hero, stopping crucial kicks from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all converted with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 shootout victory.
The record winners PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now won this trophy for the 12th time in the last thirteen seasons.